Fire Protection
Fire 

how do you classsify materials and systems vs.the fire?

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reaction to fireeither

• A1 – Non-combustible. No contribution to fire.

  • Among them we can find materials or products of concrete, glass, steel, natural stone, bricks, and ceramics.

• A2 – Non-combustible. No contribution to fire.

  • Among them we can find materials or products similar to Euroclass A1, but with a small percentage of organic components.

• B – Fuel. Very limited contribution to fire.

  • Among them we can find materials or products such as plasterboard and some wood with fire protection.

• C – Fuel. Limited contribution to fire.

  • Among them we can find materials or products such as phenolic foam, or plasterboard with thicker surface coatings.

• D – Fuel. Average contribution to fire.

  • Among them we can find unprotected wood materials or products, varying their reaction according to their thickness and density.

• E – Fuel. High contribution to fire.

  • Among them we can find materials or products such as low-density fiberboard, or insulation systems made of plastic.

• F – Unclassified. No specific behaviour.

  • Materials or products not tested.

Indicators according to the opacity of the smoke

• s1 – Low smoke production

• s2 – Average smoke production

• s3 – High smoke production

Indicators according to the fall of drops or particles

• d0 – No droplets or particles are produced

• d1 – Fall of non-flaming drops or particles

• d2 – Fall of inflamed drops or particles​

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Fire resistance

R – Bearing Capacity

The bearing capacity is the capacity of the constructive element to resist mechanically, without losing its structural properties. Although the performance criteria vary according to the constructive solution, and the loads they receive –axial (such as walls or pillars) or in bending (such as floors or beams)–, in both cases their rate of deformation and their maximum deformation are measured.

E – Integrity

Integrity is the capacity of the constructive element to prevent the passage of fire and hot gases towards an area not affected by the fire.

I – Isolation

Insulation is the capacity of the constructive element to prevent the increase in temperature on the face not directly exposed to fire.

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Others

W – Radiation

It is the element's ability to prevent the transmission of fire to an unaffected area, due to excess heat radiated through the element.

M – Mechanical action

It is the ability of the element to resist the impact due to the structural failure of another nearby element.

C – Automatic closing

It is the ability of doors and windows to close completely without human intervention.

K – Cladding fire protection

It is the ability of wall and ceiling coverings to provide protection to the components behind them.